specs: add predeploys (#2568)

Co-authored-by: mergify[bot] <37929162+mergify[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

specs/glossary.md

@@ -107,9 +107,7 @@ L1 re-orgs can happen because of network conditions or attacks. L2 re-orgs are a
 
 A contract placed in the L2 genesis state (i.e. at the start of the chain).
 
-Optimism has the following predeploys:
-
-- [L1 Attributes Predeployed Contract][l1-attr-predeploy]
+All predeploy contracts are specified in the [predeploys specification][./predeploys.md].
 
 ## Receipt
 

specs/predeploys.md

+# Predeploys
+
+<!-- START doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->
+<!-- DON'T EDIT THIS SECTION, INSTEAD RE-RUN doctoc TO UPDATE -->
+**Table of Contents**
+
+- [Overview](#overview)
+- [OVM\_L2ToL1MessagePasser](#ovm%5C_l2tol1messagepasser)
+- [OVM\_DeployerWhitelist](#ovm%5C_deployerwhitelist)
+- [OVM\_ETH](#ovm%5C_eth)
+- [WETH9](#weth9)
+- [L2CrossDomainMessenger](#l2crossdomainmessenger)
+- [L2StandardBridge](#l2standardbridge)
+- [SequencerFeeVault](#sequencerfeevault)
+- [OptimismMintableTokenFactory](#optimismmintabletokenfactory)
+- [L1BlockNumber](#l1blocknumber)
+- [OVM\_GasPriceOracle](#ovm%5C_gaspriceoracle)
+- [Reserved System Address 1](#reserved-system-address-1)
+- [Reserved System Address 2](#reserved-system-address-2)
+- [L1Block](#l1block)
+
+<!-- END doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->
+
+## Overview
+
+Predeployed smart contracts exist on Optimism at predetermined addresses in
+the genesis state. They are similar to precompiles but instead run directly
+in the EVM instead of running native code outside of the EVM.
+
+Predeploy addresses exist in 2 byte namespaces where the prefixes
+are one of:
+
+- `0x420000000000000000000000000000000000xxxx`
+- `0xDeadDeAddeAddEAddeadDEaDDEAdDeaDDeADxxxx`
+
+The following table includes each of the predeploys. The system version
+indicates when the predeploy was introduced. The possible values are `Legacy`
+or `Bedrock`. Deprecated contracts should not be used.
+
+| Name                         | Address                                    | Introduced | Deprecated |
+| ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ---------- | ---------- |
+| OVM\_L2ToL1MessagePasser     | 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000000 | Legacy     | No         |
+| OVM\_DeployerWhitelist       | 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000002 | Legacy     | Yes        |
+| OVM\_ETH                     | 0xDeadDeAddeAddEAddeadDEaDDEAdDeaDDeAD0000 | Legacy     | Yes        |
+| WETH9                        | 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000006 | Legacy     | No         |
+| L2CrossDomainMessenger       | 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000007 | Legacy     | No         |
+| L2StandardBridge             | 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000010 | Legacy     | No         |
+| SequencerFeeVault            | 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000011 | Legacy     | No         |
+| OptimismMintableTokenFactory | 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000012 | Legacy     | No         |
+| L1BlockNumber                | 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000013 | Legacy     | Yes        |
+| OVM\_GasPriceOracle          | 0x420000000000000000000000000000000000000F | Legacy     | No         |
+| Reserved System Address 1    | 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000014 | Legacy     | No         |
+| Reserved System Address 2    | 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000042 | Legacy     | No         |
+| L1Block                      | 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000015 | Bedrock    | No         |
+
+## OVM\_L2ToL1MessagePasser
+
+The `OVM_L2ToL1MessagePasser` stores commitments to withdrawal transactions.
+When a user is submitting the withdrawing transaction on L1, they provide a
+proof that the transaction that they withdrew on L2 is in the `sentMessages`
+mapping of this contract.
+
+Any withdrawn ETH accumulates into this contract on L2 and can be
+permissionlessly removed from the L2 supply by calling the `burn()` function.
+
+The legacy interface is not preserved but included below.
+
+```solidity
+interface iLegacyOVM_L2ToL1MessagePasser {
+    event L2ToL1Message(uint256 _nonce, address _sender, bytes _data);
+    function sentMessages(bytes32 _msgHash) public returns (bool);
+    function passMessageToL1(bytes calldata _message) external;
+}
+```
+
+## OVM\_DeployerWhitelist
+
+The `OVM_DeployerWhitelist` is a predeploy used to provide additional
+safety during the initial phases of Optimism. It is owned by the
+Optimism team, and defines accounts which are allowed to deploy contracts to the
+network.
+
+Arbitrary contract deployment has been enabled and it is not possible to turn
+off. In the legacy system, this contract was hooked into `CREATE` and
+`CREATE2` to ensure that the deployer was allowlisted.
+
+In the Bedrock system, this contract will no longer be used as part of the
+`CREATE` codepath.
+
+This contract is deprecated and its usage should be avoided.
+
+```solidity
+interface iOVM_DeployerWhitelist {
+    event OwnerChanged(address,address);
+    event WhitelistStatusChanged(address,bool);
+    event WhitelistDisabled(address);
+
+    function owner() public return (address);
+    function setOwner(address _owner) public;
+
+    function whitelist(address) public returns (bool);
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Adds or removes an address from the deployment whitelist.
+     * @param _deployer Address to update permissions for.
+     * @param _isWhitelisted Whether or not the address is whitelisted.
+     */
+    function setWhitelistedDeployer(address _deployer, bool _isWhitelisted) external;
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Permanently enables arbitrary contract deployment and deletes the owner.
+     */
+    function enableArbitraryContractDeployment() external;
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Checks whether an address is allowed to deploy contracts.
+     * @param _deployer Address to check.
+     * @return _allowed Whether or not the address can deploy contracts.
+     */
+    function isDeployerAllowed(address _deployer) external view returns (bool);
+}
+```
+
+## OVM\_ETH
+
+The `OVM_ETH` contains the ERC20 represented balances of ETH that has been
+deposited to L2. As part of the Bedrock upgrade, the balances will be migrated
+from this contract to the actual Ethereum level accounts to preserve EVM
+equivalence.
+
+This contract is deprecated and its usage should be avoided.
+
+```solidity
+interface iOVM_ETH {
+    event Mint(address indexed _account, uint256 _amount);
+    event Burn(address indexed _account, uint256 _amount);
+    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
+    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
+
+    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
+    function l1Token() external returns (address);
+    function mint(address _to, uint256 _amount) external;
+    function burn(address _from, uint256 _amount) external;
+    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
+    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
+    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
+    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
+    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
+    function transferFrom(
+        address from,
+        address to,
+        uint256 amount
+    ) external returns (bool);
+}
+```
+
+## WETH9
+
+`WETH9` is the standard implementation of Wrapped Ether on Optimism.
+
+```solidity
+interface WETH9 {
+    function name() public returns (string);
+    funcion symbol() public returns (string);
+    function decimals public returns (uint8);
+
+    event  Approval(address indexed src, address indexed guy, uint wad);
+    event  Transfer(address indexed src, address indexed dst, uint wad);
+    event  Deposit(address indexed dst, uint wad);
+    event  Withdrawal(address indexed src, uint wad);
+
+    function balanceOf(address) public returns (uint);
+    function allowance(address, address) public returns (uint);
+
+    function deposit() public;
+    function withdraw(uint wad) public;
+    function totalSupply() public view returns (uint);
+    function approve(address guy, uint wad) public returns (bool);
+    function transfer(address dst, uint wad) public returns (bool);
+
+    function transferFrom(
+        address src,
+        address dst,
+        uint wad
+    ) public returns (bool);
+}
+```
+
+## L2CrossDomainMessenger
+
+The `L2CrossDomainMessenger` is used to give a better user experience when
+sending cross domain messages from L2 to L1. It extends the
+`CrossDomainMessenger`, which allows for replayability of messages. Any calls
+through the `l1CrossDomainMessenger` go through the `L2CrossDomainMessenger`.
+
+The `relayMessage` function executes a transaction from the remote domain while
+the `sendMessage` function sends a transaction to be executed on the remote
+domain through the remote domain's `relayMessage` function.
+
+## L2StandardBridge
+
+The `L2StandardBridge` is part of the ERC20 and ETH bridging system.
+Users can send ERC20s or ETH to the `L1StandardBridge` and receive the asset on
+L1 through the `L2StandardBridge`. Users can also withdraw their assets through the
+`L2StandardBridge` to L1.
+
+## SequencerFeeVault
+
+Transaction fees accumulate in this predeploy and can be withdrawn by anybody
+but only to the set `l1FeeWallet`.
+
+```solidity
+interface SequencerFeeVault {
+    /**
+     * @dev The minimal withdrawal amount in wei for a single withdrawal
+     */
+    function MIN_WITHDRAWAL_AMOUNT() public returns (uint256);
+
+    /**
+     * @dev The address on L1 that fees are withdrawn to
+     */
+    function l1FeeWallet() public returns (address);
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Call this to withdraw the ether held in this
+     * account to the L1 fee wallet on L1.
+     */
+    function withdraw() public;
+}
+```
+
+## OptimismMintableTokenFactory
+
+The `OptimismMintableTokenFactory` can be used to create an ERC20 token contract
+on a remote domain that maps to an ERC20 token contract on the local domain
+where tokens can be deposited to the remote domain. It deploys an
+`OptimismMintableERC20` which has the interface that works with the
+`StandardBridge`.
+
+## L1BlockNumber
+
+The `L1BlockNumber` returns the last known L1 block number. This contract was
+introduced in the legacy system and should be backwards compatible by calling
+out to the `L1Block` contract under the hood.
+
+```solidity
+interface iOVM_L1BlockNumber {
+    function getL1BlockNumber() external view returns (uint256);
+}
+```
+
+## OVM\_GasPriceOracle
+
+The `OVM_GasPriceOracle` is pushed the L1 basefee and the L2 gas price by
+an offchain actor. The offchain actor observes the L1 blockheaders to get the
+L1 basefee as well as the gas usage on L2 to compute what the L2 gas price
+should be based on a congenstion control algorithm.
+
+Its usage to be pushed the L2 gas price by an offchain actor is deprecated in
+Bedrock, but it is still used to hold the `overhead`, `scalar`, and `decimals`
+values which are used to compute the L1 portion of the transaction fee.
+
+```solidity
+interface OVM_GasPriceOracle {
+    /**
+     * @dev Returns the current gas price on L2
+     */
+    function gasPrice() public returns (uint256);
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Returns the latest known L1 basefee
+     */
+    function l1BaseFee() public returns (uint256);
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Returns the amortized cost of 
+     * batch submission per transaction
+     */
+    function overhead() public returns (uint256);
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Returns the value to scale the fee up by
+     */
+    function scalar() public returns (uint256);
+
+    /**
+     * @dev The number of decimals of the scalar
+     */
+    function decimals() public returns (uint256);
+
+    /**
+     * Allows the owner to modify the l2 gas price.
+     * @param _gasPrice New l2 gas price.
+     */
+    function setGasPrice(uint256 _gasPrice) public;
+
+    /**
+     * Allows the owner to modify the l1 base fee.
+     * @param _baseFee New l1 base fee
+     */
+    function setL1BaseFee(uint256 _baseFee) public;
+
+    /**
+     * Allows the owner to modify the overhead.
+     * @param _overhead New overhead
+     */
+    function setOverhead(uint256 _overhead) public;
+
+    /**
+     * Allows the owner to modify the scalar.
+     * @param _scalar New scalar
+     */
+    function setScalar(uint256 _scalar) public;
+
+    /**
+     * Allows the owner to modify the decimals.
+     * @param _decimals New decimals
+     */
+    function setDecimals(uint256 _decimals) public;
+
+    function getL1Fee(bytes memory _data) public view returns (uint256);
+    function getL1GasUsed(bytes memory _data) public view returns (uint256);
+}
+```
+
+## Reserved System Address 1
+
+Reserved for future use.
+
+## Reserved System Address 2
+
+Reserved for future use.
+
+## L1Block
+
+[l1-block-predeploy]: glossary.md#l1-block-predeployed-contract
+
+The [L1Block](l1-block-predeploy) was introduced in Bedrock and is responsible for
+mainting L1 context in L2. This allows for L1 state to be accessed in L2.
+
+```solidity
+interface L1Block {
+    /**
+     * @dev Returns the special account that can only send
+     * transactions to this contract
+     */
+    function DEPOSITOR_ACCOUNT() public returns (address);
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Returns the latest known L1 block number
+     */
+    function number() public returns (uint256);
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Returns the latest known L1 timestamp
+     */
+    function timestamp() public returns (uint256);
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Returns the latest known L1 basefee
+     */
+    function basefee() public returns (uint256);
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Returns the latest known L1 transaction hash
+     */
+    function hash() public returns (bytes32);
+
+    /**
+     * @dev sets the latest L1 block attributes
+     */
+    function setL1BlockValues(
+        uint256 _number,
+        uint256 _timestamp,
+        uint256 _basefee,
+        bytes32 _hash
+    ) external;
+}
+```