fix(ctb): break out clamp func in Metering

Breaks out the base fee clamping function in ResourceMetering to
deduplicate some code.

packages/contracts-bedrock/contracts/L1/ResourceMetering.sol

@@ -3,9 +3,8 @@ pragma solidity 0.8.15;
 
 import { Initializable } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
 import { Math } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol";
-import { SignedMath } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/SignedMath.sol";
-import { FixedPointMathLib } from "@rari-capital/solmate/src/utils/FixedPointMathLib.sol";
 import { Burn } from "../libraries/Burn.sol";
+import { Arithmetic } from "../libraries/Arithmetic.sol";
 
 /**
  * @custom:upgradeable
@@ -49,6 +48,11 @@ abstract contract ResourceMetering is Initializable {
      */
     int256 public constant MINIMUM_BASE_FEE = 10_000;
 
+    /**
+     * @notice Maximum base fee value, cannot go higher than this.
+     */
+    int256 public constant MAXIMUM_BASE_FEE = int256(uint256(type(uint128).max));
+
     /**
      * @notice Initial base fee value.
      */
@@ -89,12 +93,10 @@ abstract contract ResourceMetering is Initializable {
 
             // Update base fee by adding the base fee delta and clamp the resulting value between
             // min and max.
-            int256 newBaseFee = SignedMath.min(
-                SignedMath.max(
+            int256 newBaseFee = Arithmetic.clamp(
                 int256(uint256(params.prevBaseFee)) + baseFeeDelta,
-                    int256(MINIMUM_BASE_FEE)
-                ),
-                int256(uint256(type(uint128).max))
+                MINIMUM_BASE_FEE,
+                MAXIMUM_BASE_FEE
             );
 
             // If we skipped more than one block, we also need to account for every empty block.
@@ -104,20 +106,14 @@ abstract contract ResourceMetering is Initializable {
                 // Update the base fee by repeatedly applying the exponent 1-(1/change_denominator)
                 // blockDiff - 1 times. Simulates multiple empty blocks. Clamp the resulting value
                 // between min and max.
-                newBaseFee = SignedMath.min(
-                    SignedMath.max(
-                        int256(
-                            (newBaseFee *
-                                (
-                                    FixedPointMathLib.powWad(
-                                        1e18 - (1e18 / BASE_FEE_MAX_CHANGE_DENOMINATOR),
-                                        int256((blockDiff - 1) * 1e18)
-                                    )
-                                )) / 1e18
-                        ),
-                        int256(MINIMUM_BASE_FEE)
+                newBaseFee = Arithmetic.clamp(
+                    Arithmetic.cdexp(
+                        newBaseFee,
+                        BASE_FEE_MAX_CHANGE_DENOMINATOR,
+                        int256(blockDiff - 1)
                     ),
-                    int256(uint256(type(uint128).max))
+                    MINIMUM_BASE_FEE,
+                    MAXIMUM_BASE_FEE
                 );
             }
 

packages/contracts-bedrock/contracts/libraries/Arithmetic.sol

+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+pragma solidity 0.8.15;
+
+import { SignedMath } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/SignedMath.sol";
+import { FixedPointMathLib } from "@rari-capital/solmate/src/utils/FixedPointMathLib.sol";
+
+/**
+ * @title Arithmetic
+ * @notice Even more math than before.
+ */
+library Arithmetic {
+    /**
+     * @notice Clamps a value between a minimum and maximum.
+     *
+     * @param _value The value to clamp.
+     * @param _min   The minimum value.
+     * @param _max   The maximum value.
+     *
+     * @return The clamped value.
+     */
+    function clamp(
+        int256 _value,
+        int256 _min,
+        int256 _max
+    ) internal pure returns (int256) {
+        return SignedMath.min(SignedMath.max(_value, _min), _max);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @notice (c)oefficient (d)enominator (exp)onentiation function.
+     *         Returns the result of: c * (1 - 1/d)^exp.
+     *
+     * @param _coefficient Coefficient of the function.
+     * @param _denominator Fractional denominator.
+     * @param _exponent    Power function exponent.
+     *
+     * @return Result of c * (1 - 1/d)^exp.
+     */
+    function cdexp(
+        int256 _coefficient,
+        int256 _denominator,
+        int256 _exponent
+    ) internal pure returns (int256) {
+        return
+            (_coefficient *
+                (FixedPointMathLib.powWad(1e18 - (1e18 / _denominator), _exponent * 1e18))) / 1e18;
+    }
+}